Hyphae are best described as...

• A. Mineral particles
• B. Plant root hairs
• C. Fungal strands that help connect soil particles
• D. Water channels in soil

Answer: (C)

Hyphae are fungal filaments that form the network (mycelium) of a fungus. In soil, these threadlike strands grow through spaces between grains and can weave between particles, producing sticky substances that help glue the particles together. This creates soil aggregates, which improves soil structure, aeration, and water movement. The network of hyphae also connects organic matter and nutrients to the plant, especially when fungi form relationships with roots. Hyphae aren’t mineral particles, they aren’t plant root hairs, and they aren’t water channels in soil; they are fungal strands that help connect soil particles.